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中国少数民族运动会即将在天地之中观星台采集火种

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中国少数民族运动会即将在天地之中观星台采集火种

  • 分类:公司动态
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  • 发布时间:2019-05-07 14:42
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【概要描述】

中国少数民族运动会即将在天地之中观星台采集火种

【概要描述】

  • 分类:公司动态
  • 作者:
  • 来源:
  • 发布时间:2019-05-07 14:42
  • 访问量:
详情

  351st article 第351期原创双语推文

  It is an age-old dream of starry sky exploration. In thousands of years ago, an excellent star observation place was recognized by ancient Chinese people, that is, Astronomical Observatory in Dengfeng, Zhengzhou.

  人类对星空探索的渴望古已有之。追溯千年,中国古人心中就有一个绝佳的观星地,那便是郑州登封观星台。

  The Astronomical Observatory Scenic Spot is located in Gaocheng Town, Dengfeng, Zhengzhou. The town, which was once the city of Yangcheng in ancient time, is beside Ying River, bordered by the SongShan Mountain in the north and Qishan Mountain in the south. The observatory is divided into seven sections of the front and back yards including Screen Wall, Mountain Gate, Tassel Door, Shadow-measuring Platform of Lord Zhou, Grand Temple, Astronomical Observatory and Zhongsi Temple, with replicas of over ten kinds of astronomical instruments. The Shadow-measuring Platform of Lord Zhou and the observatory are the oldest astronomical architectures extant in China.

  观星台景区位于郑州登封市告成镇,北依嵩山,南望箕山,处颍河之滨,曾是古代阳城所在地。前后院落共分照壁、山门、垂花门、周公测景台、大殿、观星台、螽斯殿七景,院内复制安装各种天文仪器10多种。其中,观星台景区内的周公测景台和观星台是中国现存最早的天文观测建筑。

  It is recorded that there was a “Shadow-measuring Platform of Lord Zhou” in the observatory scenic spot where, by measuring the length of shadow cast by the sun, Chou Kung found the center of earth - Yangcheng, which is the present Gaocheng, and defined “the Spring Equinox”, “the Summer Solstice”, “the Autumnal Equinox” and “the Winter Solstice” of “The Center of Heaven and Earth”.

  观星台景区内有一“周公测景台”,史载,周公曾在此用土圭之法测土深,正日影,以求地中,从而确立阳城,即今告成镇为“天地中心”,并确立二十四节气中的冬至、夏至、春分、秋分四个节气。

  The Shadow-measuring Platform of Lord Zhou, made of blue stones, consists of two parts. The pedestal, working as a dial, is shaped as a trapezoidal cone with four sides in different lengths, narrow in the top and large at the bottom. And the column named as a gnomon has a tabling covering on the top and words of “Shadow-measuring Platform of Lord Zhou” carved on the south side. Many astronomers and calendarists, such as Seng Yixing (Zhang Sui) and Nangong Yue, carried out astronomical activities here in history.

  周公测景台用青石制作,分台座和石柱两部分。台座上小下大,呈梯形锥体,四边稍有偏斜,各边宽窄不等。石柱为表,台座为圭,表的顶端为屋宇式盖顶,南面刻有“周公测景台”等字。历史上不少天文学家、历法家如僧一行(张遂)、南宫说等都在这里进行过天文观测活动。

  Yuan dynasty observatory, which was 20 meters away from the Shadow-measuring Platform of Lord Zhou, was the center station of the 27 astronomical observatories throughout the country set up for astronomical and geodetic surveying. The observatory, one of the most famous astronomical architectures in the world, was built by Guo Shoujing, an astronomer in Yuan dynasty, in the 13th year of Zhiyuan Period of Yuan Dynasty (BC 1276). Through “measuring the sun shadow in the daytime and observing stars in the night”, Guo Shoujing finished Shoushi Calendar, the most advanced calendar in the world at that time. This book corrected the algorithm of twenty-four solar terms with only a 26-second deviation in a year comparing to the current one formed 300 years later.

  而距周公测景台20米的元代观星台,是当时为实施天文大地测量在全国各地建立的27个天文台和观测站的中心观测站。元十三年(公元1276年)由元代天文学家郭守敬创建,是世界上最著名的天文科学建筑物之一。郭守敬在此“昼参日影,夜观星象”,编制了当时世界上最先进的历法——《授时历》,校准了二十四节气,其精确度与现行公历相比,一年仅相差26秒,创制时间却早了300年。

  The observatory is the earliest and well-preserved observatory extant in China and one the oldest astronomy architectures in the world. It was selected as one of the first-batch of China’s Key Preservation site of Cultural Relics by the State Council on March 4, 1961, and one of the eight scenic spots in Songshan Scenic Spot as well. It is a high building built with blue masonry and consists of a platform body and a stone gnomon (or heaven measuring ruler). The platform body looks like an inverted funnel and is used for “measuring the shadow cast in the daytime, observing the stars in the night and telling the directions”. The observatory not only preserves the sundial (or material object) used in ancient time for shadow measurement, but also stands for the peak of the measuring technique since the Chou Kung time, showing the remarkable achievement of Chinese astronomical science and owing high value in both astronomical and architecture histories in the world.

  观星台是我国现存时代早、保护较好的天文台,是世界上最早的天文建筑之一。1961年3月4日被国务院公布为全国第一批重点文物保护单位,也是嵩山风景名胜区的八大景区之一。观星台是一座高大的青砖石结构建筑,由台身和量天尺组成,台身形状是覆斗状,其作用是“昼参日影,夜观极星,以正朝夕”。它不仅保存了我国古代圭表测影的实物,也是自周公土圭测影以来测影技术发展的高峰,反映了我国天文科学发展的卓越成就,在世界天文史、建筑史上均有很高的价值。

  The Astronomical Observatory with Shadow-measuring Platform of Lord Zhou, one of the most remarkable achievements in the astronomical history in the world, is a strong proof of Songshan Mountain being “The Center of Heaven and Earth”. Many foreign experts are amazed by their explorations and think it is a rare and well-preserved scientific material object (relic) in the world.

  周公测景台和观星台充分验证了嵩山“天地之中”,代表着世界天文史上最杰出的成就之一,多位国外专家考察后为之惊叹,认为这是世界上少有的保存完整的科技实物。

  Photo:Liu Kebai

  The Twenty-Four Solar Terms applied by China was put on the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO on November 30, 2016. The Twenty-Four Solar Terms, a cognition system of time, is honored as “the fifth great invention of China” in the international meteorological community.

  2016年11月30日,中国申报的“二十四节气”列入联合国教科文组织人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录。在国际气象界,这一时间认知体系被誉为“中国的第五大发明”。

  As the birthplace of “the Twenty-Four Solar Terms”, Shadow-measuring Platform of Lord Zhou and the Astronomical Observatory in Yuan dynasty played an important role in applying for the world heritage during the three years. Located in the center place of China with four distinct seasons, Dengfeng provided the calendar developed here with an extensive radiation scope. Besides, as the core area of Chinese farming civilization birthplace, there were a lot of people living around Songshan in ancient time, which enabled the calendar to be applicable to a broad crowd in the country. Moreover, to apply for the world heritage, it is an essential material of the Astronomical Observatory for Dengfeng to complete the relevant documents and feature films.

  而在3年的申遗历程中,作为测定出“二十四节气”的周公测景台、元代观星台占有重要地位。不仅是因为中原地区四季分明,郑州登封位于中国中心区域,在此制定的历法辐射范围广泛,同时嵩山还是华夏农耕文明发祥地的核心区域,古代中原地区人口众多。在这里确定的二十四节气适用地区、适用人群广泛,能放之四海而皆准。同时,登封承担了二十四节气的相关申报文本撰写、专题片拍摄等工作,观星台的地位不可撼动。

  The Astronomical Observatory is not only an important astronomical architecture for calendar measurement, an embodiment of core conception of Historic Monuments in “The Center of Heaven and Earth”, but also the most direct historical relic proof of the Twenty-Four Solar Terms and important carrier for the World Intangible Cultural Heritage.

  观星台不仅是测算历法的主要天文建筑,天地之中历史建筑群核心理念的体现者,也是二十四节气产生的最直接文物史证,是中国二十四节气世界非物质文化遗产的重要载体。

  Photo:Ma Jian

  On May 8, 2019, Dengfeng Astronomical Observatory will witness the grand opening of the Torch Ceremony and Internet Torch Relay Launching Ceremony of the 11th National Traditional Games of Ethnic Minorities of PRC. Let’s join the party to feel the time-honored profound culture of Zhengzhou as the capital of Shang dynasty as well as her updated charm featuring unique style, happiness and vitality.

  2019年5月8日,第十一届全国少数民族传统体育运动会——火种采集仪式暨互联网火炬传递启动仪式,将在登封观星台举行。届时,让我们一起感受商都郑州古老厚重的文化底蕴和“时尚、快乐、活力”的时代魅力新姿。

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